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矿山钻机长期存放与换季防护保养规范

发布时间:2026-08-10 19:55人气:
矿山钻机在矿井停工、季节更替、设备闲置期间,若防护保养不到位,极易出现部件锈蚀、油液变质、密封件老化、管路堵塞等问题,导致再次启用时故障频发、设备性能下降。规范落实长期存放与换季防护保养,能够有效保护设备性能,避免闲置损耗,保障设备随时可正常投入施工。
设备停机存放前全方位清洁处理。长期闲置存放前,需对钻机整机彻底清洁,高压清理机身、钻具、管路表面的岩粉、泥浆、水泥浆、油污等杂质,尤其是注浆工况设备,需重点清理残留腐蚀性浆液,避免杂质长期附着腐蚀机身、磨损部件。钻杆、钻头、冲击器等钻具拆解清理,彻底疏通内部通道,去除锈蚀、残渣,擦干后涂抹防锈油脂,分类规整存放。清理完成后检查设备外观,排查细微破损、锈蚀隐患,提前处理修复。
油液、管路与电气系统防护。长期存放需更换或排空老旧油液,作业结束后的液压油、机油已存在杂质与轻微变质,长期静置会加剧氧化、沉淀堵塞管路,闲置超过1个月的设备,建议更换全新油液,或排空管路残留油液,封闭油口。各类液压管路、气动管路拆卸封堵,防止灰尘、水汽进入堵塞通道;电气线路整理包裹,接头做好防水防潮防护,避免井下潮湿、露天暴晒导致线路老化、短路、漏电。设备蓄电池定期补电,避免亏电报废,拆除外接电源,做好绝缘防护。
换季专项防护与存放环境要求。春夏潮湿季节,重点做好防锈、防潮、防腐工作,机身金属部件全面补涂防锈油,设备存放于干燥、通风、无积水的室内场地,避免露天淋雨、受潮锈蚀;秋冬低温季节,彻底更换防冻冷却液,排空管路残留积水,防止低温结冰胀裂管路、阀体,液压系统选用适配低温工况的防冻液压油,避免油液凝固影响设备启动。存放期间每月开展一次简易巡检,检查设备锈蚀、密封状态、油口密封性,及时排查隐患。设备重启启用前,全面检查油液、滤芯、密封件、管路状态,空载调试无误后,方可投入正式作业。

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